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Spadina Museum: Historic House & Gardens, sometimes called Spadina House (), is a historic manor on Spadina Road in Toronto, Canada that is now a museum operated by the City of Toronto Cultural Services.〔(【引用サイトリンク】Spadina Historic House and Gardens (Spadina Museum) )〕 The museum preserves the house much as it existed and developed historically. The art, decor and architecture of the house used to reflect the contemporary styles of the 1860s through the 1930s, including Victorian, Edwardian, Arts and Crafts, Art Deco, Art Nouveau and Colonial Revival styles.〔 After being closed for a year for restoration work, the Spadina Museum was re-opened to the public on October 24, 2010 after 10 months of extensive interior and exterior renovations in the inter-war era style of the 1920s and 1930s. The estate's gardens reflect the landscape during the Austin family's occupation of the house. == History == The first house constructed on the site was built in 1818 by Dr. William Warren Baldwin. He named his property and estate ''Spadina'', which derived from the native word ''espadinong'', which translates as "hill" or "sudden rise of land".〔(【引用サイトリンク】Spadina )〕 Baldwin himself designed the two storey wood frame house. The house burnt down in 1835, and owing to the three mile (5 km) trek from the estate into York, he moved to a house on Front Street. He built a smaller country estate on the property in 1836. In 1866 the property was acquired by James Austin, founder of The Dominion Bank and Consumers Gas.〔 By this time, parts of the property had been sold off, and what Austin purchased covered .〔 In the 19th and early 20th century the area was the wealthiest in Toronto, with a number of Toronto's leading families having large estates. Austin subdivided and sold off the land west of Spadina Road in 1889, which amounted to . In 1892, James Austin turned over the house, and of the property to his son, Albert William Austin. Albert Austin expanded the house in several renovations, including the addition of a third floor in 1912.〔 He sold much of the property to the City of Toronto in 1913 for the construction of the St. Clair Reservoir. Albert Austin died in 1933. The last member of the family to live in the house was Anna Kathleen Thompson, a daughter of Albert Austin, who lived there from 1942 until 1982.〔(【引用サイトリンク】Spadina Museum: Historic House and Gardens )〕 The aged house had outdated wiring and needed a thorough overhaul, that would have been far more expensive than rebuilding it. While the house could have been sold to private interests, the family decided instead to donate the house and all of its furnishings to the city.〔(【引用サイトリンク】Historic Buildings of Toronto )〕 In 1984 it opened as a museum, jointly owned by the city and the Ontario Heritage Foundation and operated by the City of Toronto. The museum is especially known for its gardens. File:Spadina House.JPG| Spadina House (2005) File:Spadina House 2007.jpg| Spadina House (2007) File:Spadina House 2007 (1).jpg| Spadina House (2007) File:Billiard room.JPG|Billiard room, Spadina House (2006) File:Spadina House Greenhouse 2012.jpg|Spadina House greenhouse (2012) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Spadina House」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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